Scientific concept

Module 1 (basic), Main Attractor – STRENGTH
Purpose and tasks:
– Development of local and regional strength and strength endurance (SI) based mainly on sarcoplasmic hypertrophy; learning and improving the correct exercise technique through slower movements; OFP with the aim of injury prevention and preparation of individual muscles for more intense loads.
An important part of the module are preventive-stabilizing exercises – kinesitherapeutic and gymnastic for equilibrium and balance, for mobility, treatment of myofascias, breathing, for coordination, gradually changing their characteristics to preventive-dynamic training tools.
 
Module 2 (power), Main Attractor – POWER
Goal: Developing maximal strength based on improving neuromuscular coordination and myofibrillar hypertrophy.
 
Module 3 (speed-force), Main Attractor – EXPLOSIVE STRENGTH
Purpose: Developing strength and speed (“transforming” strength into speed).  
 
Module 4 (Transformative), Main Attractor – SPEED 
Purpose: Develop speed/strength, bounce, quickness.
 
Module 5 (accumulative-stabilizing), Main Attractor – JUMP and SPEED ENDURANCE 
Purpose: Developing agility, jumping and speed-power endurance, maintaining speed.
Transforming motor skills into abilities for effective performance of game actions.
 
Module 6 (realization, competition), Main attractor – AGILITY
Purpose: Maintaining the level of dexterity and building the ability to quickly, accurately and effectively implement a variety of specific motor actions in a game environment. 

Module 7 (Restorative), Main Attractor – AEROBIC ENDURANCE 
Purpose: recovery and functional recharging /compensation/ of the body subjected to nervous tension and energy depletion during the competition period.
 
The points of the pyramid, marking the level of each of the qualities in the individual modules, characterize the phase trajectory of transition from one qualitative state of the system to another. This step-by-step readjustment, denoted in quantum physics, “bifurcation” (lat. bifurcus-forked), emphasizes the instability of the system and, in connection with this, the possibility of its “psycho-muscular synergistic reorganization”, a consequence of training effects.
The human organism is considered as a “dynamic system with informational behavior” (B.Kadomtsev 1990). According to this concept, in the process of self-regulation of the body, the various training-forming structural-functional systems (trajectories) are attracted by the one with the relatively highest functional resistance. In “chaos theory” the attracting system is called an attractor (from English to attract). The attractor bears the basic marks of functional ability, but at the same time the various training-built structural elements attracted by it also leave more or less traces. Thus, in the sense of the “transfer of training” mechanism, a new, “physiologically adapted functional system” is formed; Each system has its own dominant, carrying information about behavior. The “principle of the dominant” is followed in the presented programs, with priority being given to working on one physical quality in the training and even in the individual module. This means that the programs pursue not only the general development of physical qualities, but at the same time the purposeful solving of specific motor tasks. The specificity in the training programs unites the elements of the system into a whole with a behavior characteristic of it.
Within individual training modules, the changes are gradual, while those between them are jump-like. The transition to the new qualitative state occurs at the point of loss of stability of the system /explained by quantum physics as a “point of relative fluctuation”/ (M. Gudev 2014) – from a practical point of view, this speaks of the possibility, any significant fluctuation in strength, speed and endurance levels to destabilize the system.
With the asynchronous, phasic development of physical qualities, a three-dimensional deformation is formed, a distortion of the pyramid, which expands and contracts in a specific way for each module. As a result of 5-7 consecutive targeted stress trainings for a given quality, a new state of work mode is passed, based on a new “synergistic organization of the dynamic force spectrum” of the neuromuscular apparatus.

The six modules are figuratively marked with 6 types of pyramids (bifurcations), forming 6 “functional models” possessing a specific “bifurcation memory”. Each model is in a state of relative equilibrium (temporary adaptation), expressed in grafika with the starting points on the pyramidal surfaces formed by the levels of strength, speed and endurance.

The gradual change of the model of the pyramids in the six modules, as a result of the training effects, leads to purposeful phase deformations, expressed in a change of its spatio-temporal characteristics, marking the new qualitative changes of the dynamic-kinematic parameters of the movements. At first, the process is related to the expansion of their phase volume, which means that in conditions of training diversity, the means of general physical training are widely advocated. The greater the possibilities in this respect, the greater are those for forming new types of interrelationships and adaptability based on the synergistic approach. As the preparation by modules progresses, the phase volume narrows, gradually the attractors of the relatively unstable system merge into a single basic functionally stable structure in the last 6th module of the scheme. This is how the step-by-step transition of physical qualities into motor capabilities and abilities for their effective implementation in a game environment takes place. By the way, a relative narrowing of the pattern is programmed at the end of each of the six moles. The variety of means thus formed at the beginning of each module is gradually reduced to the most significant and useful for the development of the basic motor quality for the module (main attractor). In order to maintain e.g. of the basic quality – strength, the number of non-specific means used in the last, 6th module is reduced to 3-4.

Although we talk about parallelism in the development of physical qualities, only one for the given module is key (main attractor). Reaching a certain level in its development “unlocks” the transition to the new qualitative state of psycho-motor readiness. In the first and second modules this quality is strength, in the third it is explosive power, in the fourth – speed, in the fifth – jumping and speed endurance, in sixth – dexterity, as an ability integrating what was achieved in the previous modules).
The model of multi-year training has a spiral character, which shows the known cyclical nature of the training tools and methods used. 

The modular training complexes are specified in two special manuals, for example the volleyball game and conditioning fitness; the means and technology of working on modules; a theoretical justification of the methodology for the development of motor qualities and abilities has been made; of the content and structure of the preparatory, main and final part of the training session; the technique of performing strength, athletic and functional-coordination exercises and those for stabilization, prevention and balance; breathing, guarding and safety measures, etc. The guides have been developed for the needs of the game of volleyball and fitness and are titled “Volleyball Conditioning” and “Fitness” respectively. In 2020, the monograph “Modern Aspects of Conditioning in Sports” was published, where it was explained how the overall concept was applied to other sports and fitness.
The practical part was developed and experimented on the territory of the training halls of JK Fitness LTD built by the author. 

Material provision:

To provide the program product, on the territory of JK GYM Nautilus, Sofia, Bulgaria Blvd., Manastirski Livadi quarter (ZK Bokar 33), a specialized complex training hall for strength, athletics and functional-coordination training, equipped with author’s equipment, was built and appliances, inertial platforms, pull-up machine, special balance platforms, Clock 12 complex station of the American company Quincy, free weights, mechanical cardio equipment, etc.
“JK PRO GYM”, Sofia, Ring road 191, was built to ensure the fitness training of competitors in individual sports, especially in boxing, karate, taekwondo and MMA.
For the needs of the testing process and training control, test equipment is used: “Achillex-jump”n run” by Humotion (Germany); Sensorize (Italy); Multi Sport Speed Radar (England); Alatech Heart Monitor MB100 (Taiwan); Bio Spase’s In Body 3 (Korea); devices for manual and bench dynamometry of MSD (Belgium), etc. (for more information see: training base)!

Practical implementation of the concept:

The overall program is an experimented and practically implemented scientific concept.
Initially, it was experimented with three Bulgarian volleyball teams: Levski-Sikonko /2009-10/, Marek Union-Ivkoni city of Dupnitsa /2011-15/ and the women’s beach volleyball pair Asya Dinova-Svetla Angelova /2012 d./, all became champions of Bulgaria. After the experimental stage, the training system for conditioning preparation was introduced in a number of teams at home and abroad (especially Italy and Russia, by conditioning coaches working with Radostin Stoychev and Plamen Konstantinov). It has also been introduced in a number of individual and combat sports – athletics, boxing, judo, karate, taekwondo, MMA fighters, etc.

Elitsa Vasileva, Dobriana Rabadzhieva in 2014, Strashimira Filipova in 2015, Matei Kaziyski since 2013, as well as a number of other prominent athletes from other sports – the Olympic shooting champion Maria Grozdeva, the European champion in motoring Ekaterina Stratieva, the best Bulgarian golfer Lyubomir Kostov, our best snowboarder Radoslav Yankov and other competitors from the national and Olympic teams of Bulgaria, incl. the national volleyball team, which won the silver medals at the First European Olympic Games in Baku-2015 (for competitors prepared by the author, see “Competitors”!.
The program product has been experimented and implemented in the fitness and physical training of children from Yuri Gagarin School, Kamchia and Savo Tsenov Savov School, Pirdop, in the form of “JK Kid Motion”.